Sources

Linda C. Degutis, Gail D'Onofrio, Karen Burch & John A. Shriver, "Changing the Emergency Department Physician's Role in Screening and Intervention for Alcohol Use." Paper presented at the American Medical Association Alcohol Policy Conference XI, Chicago, IL, May 1998.

Scott D. Holmberg, "Estimated HIV Seroprevalence and Seroincidence in 96 Large US Metropolitan Areas." American Journal of Public Health, 1996, 86(5):642-654. Michigan Annual Drunk Driving Audit, Wayne County. Irving, Texas: Mothers Against Drunk Driving, 1996.

Kathleen O'Leary Morgan, Scott Morgan & Neal Quitno (Eds.), State Rankings 1997: A Statistical View of the 50 United States. Lawrence, Kansas: Morgan Quitno, 1997.

Enrique Ostrea, Mark Brady, Sybil Gause, Anna Lisa Raymundo & Maria Stevens. "Drug Screening of Newborns by Meconium Analysis: A Large-Scale, Prospective, Epidemiologic Study." Pediatrics, 1992, 89(1):107-113.

Enrique Ostrea, Anthony Ostrea & Pippa Simpson, "Mortality Within the First 2 Years in Infants Exposed to Cocaine, Opiate, or Cannabinoid During Gestation." Pediatrics, 1997, 100(1):79-83.

Rating the States: A Report Card on the Nation's Attention to the Problem of Alcohol and Other Drug-Impaired Driving.Irving, Texas: Mothers Against Drunk Driving, 1996.

Nancy K.Young, Alcohol and Other Drug Treatment: Policy Choices in Welfare Reform.Washington, DC: National Association of State Alcohol and Drug Abuse Directors, 1996.

Detroit Sources

Crain's 1999 Book of Lists.Crain's Detroit Business, Detroit Michigan, 1998.

Drug Awareness of Detroit Youth, 1997 Focus Group Interviews. Wayne State University Addiction Research Institute and Detroit Health Department, 1997.

Regional Detroit at a Glance.The Detroit Regional Chamber Research and Information Center, 1998.

Michigan Sources

1995 Michigan Drug and Alcohol Population Survey (MDAPS): Main Findings.Michigan Department of Community Health, Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, 1997.

1995 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts.Office of Highway Safety Planning Michigan Department of State Police, 1996.

1998 Epidemiologic Profile of HIV/AIDS in Michigan.Michigan Department of Community Health, HIV/AIDS Surveillance Section, 1998.

Annual Planning Information Report, 1997: City of Detroit Michigan Works Agencies (MWA).Prepared by Michigan Employment Security Agency, Financial and Management Services, Information and Reports Section, 1997.

Epidemiologic Trends in Drug Abuse/Drug Abuse Trend Update, Detroit/Wayne County, Michigan.Michigan Department of Community Health, 1997.

Demand and Needs Assessment Studies: Alcohol and Other Drugs.Final Report. Michigan Department of Community Health, 1997.

Drug Abuse Trend Update.Michigan Department of Community Health, 1998.

Infant Death Statistics, 1996, Table 11. Division for Vital Records and Health Statistics.Michigan Department of Community Health, 1997.

Michigan Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, 1989-1993.Michigan Public Health Institute, 1995.

Michigan Substance Abuse, Tuberculosis, and Sexually Transmitted Disease Survey (MSATS), Main Findings.Michigan Department of Community Health, Bureau of Infectious Disease Control and Center for Substance Abuse Services, 1997.

Federal Sources

Mid-Year 1997 Preliminary Emergency Department Data from the Drug Abuse Warning Network.Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 1998.

1997 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance, United States.Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1998.